Anglo-Catholicism, Reason, and the Artificiality of Natural Law; or, Andrew Sullivan Comes to Princeton

When I decided to shirk my duty as a Professional Gay(TM) and to back out of attending IvyQ, a pan-Ivy League undergraduate queer issues/politics conference, I was mostly just worried about getting my schoolwork done this weekend—but I then was met with the unexpected pleasure of being able to go see Andrew Sullivan speak instead. Sullivan, who was Princeton’s guest as part of its public lecture series, was without question the perfect person to speak to the political climate which characterizes and divides Princeton’s discourse around LGBT issues. Much as the current national political discourse coalesces around a radical fringe right and everyone else—liberal or conservative—who disagrees with them (and must therefore do so in a moderately conservative sense), Princeton’s LGBT-politics climate consists of a radical fringe right, as represented in the Anscombe Society and its allies in the faculty; and of Everyone Else. All these people, whatever disparate political and policy-oriented outcomes they may desire for the status of LGBT people at Princeton and for the status of LGBT people in America, find themselves united in the fight to dismiss Anscombe on principle. And it took Sullivan to stand on the stage in McCosh 50 and start on the new natural lawyers’ own turf before unravelling their arguments, to come from an intensely Catholic perspective before repudiating rhetorical opponents who come from an equally intensely Catholic perspective, to cite Gerard Manley Hopkins and Cardinal Newman, Aquinas and Aristotle and Foucault, and infuse a coldly pro forma debate with intellectualism and emotion.

Now: don’t get me wrong. I disagree with wide swathes of what Andrew Sullivan believes, about queer politics in particular (though also no less importantly about certain generalizations and assertions which could read as racist and sexist, though those, while no less reprehensible, are perhaps less interesting to pick apart). He spent a good portion of his talk critiquing the “queer liberationist” position, one with which I to a certain extent identify (emotionally, if not pragmatically in 2010). I disagree very sharply first with Sullivan’s reading of Foucault to support the idea that queer liberationists do not believe there is something immutable about sexual orientation—why can there not be immutability at some biological level, but also the constructed and created structures of society which imbue that immutability with very different significances over time, and why can we not distinguish biological sexual orientation from the social constructs of gay or queer culture? Sullivan’s argument overall, as no doubt many of you, dear readers, know, is essentially an assimilationist one (I put no negative connotation on “assimilationist”) and mine is, while not entirely separatist, certainly an argument which critiques assimilationism from the left. That said, however, thank any god or none for someone standing on a Princeton stage and presenting a viewpoint with which I can disagree rationally, which is not motivated at its core by homophobia! What a breath of fresh air!

Someday, I am going to puzzle out the complex sociality of Princeton LGBT culture enough to understand truly what the significance was of Sullivan’s talk to Princeton; someday, too, I will have read enough 19th-century intellectual history to be able to do more than just vaguely nod at allusions to the homoeroticism of Anglo-Catholicism, a sort of cultural-history principle that could be said to have underlain much of what Sullivan had to say. Both these things are certainly on my agenda for the months and years ahead.

But far from my expectation that I would be irritated by a position with which I, as a liberal and a queer liberal at that, fundamentally disagree, I was both intrigued and thankful. Princeton, no matter what policies its administration may or may not espouse, is at its heart a conservative institution, much like any other old Anglo or Anglo-inspired university very much rooted in a notion of tradition or nostalgia. An English conservative who nevertheless prizes intellect and reason is just who it needs to access the still-closed minds who hamper a more productive dialogue on this campus. And now, as I go back to reading history, to writing history, and to having the conversations and writing the essays, articles, and blog posts I need to in order to change hearts and minds on this campus, I only hope that the rest of tonight’s audience was as intrigued by what Andrew Sullivan had to say as I was.

QOTD (2010-02-14)

Here’s a Valentine’s Day quotation for you, dear reader, from Mary Wollstonecraft’s “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman”:

Probably the prevailing opinion, that woman was created for man, may have taken its rise from Moses’s poetical story [Genesis 2:18-23]; yet as very few, it is presumed, who have bestowed any serious thought on the subject, ever supposed that Eve was, literally speaking, one of Adam’s ribs, the deduction must be allowed to fall to the ground; or, only be so far admitted as it proves that man, from the remotest antiquity, found it convenient to exert his strength to subjugate his companion, and his invention to shew that she ought to have her neck bent under the yoke, because the whole creation was only created for his convenience or pleasure.

[…]

Besides, the woman who strengthens her body and exercises her mind will, by managing her family and practising various virtues, become the friend, and not the humble dependent of her husband; and if she, by possessing such substantial qualities, merit his regard, she will not find it necessary to conceal her affection, nor to pretend to an unnatural coldness of constitution to excite her husband’s passions. In fact, if we revert to history, we shall find that the women who have distinguished themselves have neither been the most beautiful nor the most gentle of their sex.

And what a relief that is for this high achiever!

In related news, Wollstonecraft is slowly but surely convincing me that Milton’s repetition of the Biblical anti-Eve sentiment, which I have always thought of as very secondary to the plot of Paradise Lost, is actually fundamentally essential to understanding the text.

Status Update

What’s on your mind?

Emily Rutherford…
needs to read Mrs. Dalloway again.
Needs to read George Eliot, anything.
Needs to read Nabokov, more than Lolita.
Needs to read Foucault.
Needs to read Blake, seriously, and Auden and Eliot—T.S.—more than desultorily.
Needs to read Jane Eyre.
Needs to read more Kant, more Nietzsche, more Rousseau.
Needs to read Sedgwick, Butler. The whole catalogue.
Needs to read Wilde, everything; Milton, everything but Paradise Lost, because twice is probably enough to get by on.
Needs to read Freud.
Needs to read Plato. And Aristotle. And Cicero.
Needs to read Elizabeth Bishop, more; Trollope, more; Dickens, more.
Needs to read Shaw, Symonds, Pater… and Plath.
Needs to read Melville, especially Bartleby; needs to read Emily Dickinson.
Needs to read needs to read needs to read.
Needs to read Mary Wollstonecraft for tomorrow.

——-
Addendum: Henry James. How could Emily Rutherford have forgotten him?

Shameless Self-Promotion

Since it’s now been posted on Point (though I think you might have to be a Princeton student to see that link), I may as well mention that I’m giving a talk on gender-neutral housing at the Fields Center on Feb. 26:

As one of the Fields Center’s signature events, the Social Issues Roundtable is a lunchtime discussion series featuring scholars and community activists engaging with students in specified topics that intersect issues of diversity and social justice.

The Carl A. Fields Center welcomes undergraduate Emily Rutherford to the Social Issues Roundtable on February 26 at noon. Rutherford will discuss the historical and political nuances of the University’s new Gender Neutral Housing option. Please join us in seminar room 205 for a catered lunch and stimulating conversation.

I’m going to be talking for 20-25 minutes about the historical context of GNH, and where it fits into the narratives of coeducation, alternative dining options, LGBT life, and a host of other developments in the world of non-normative Princeton in the past 40 or so years. Given that this school year is the 40th since women first arrived on campus in significant numbers, it’s a particularly good time to be evaluating our social progress as a community. And since I wrote a paper last semester on the history of the Fields Center and its role in this progress, I’m excited to be doing the gig in the new Fields Center building. Anyway, the gig is a “roundtable,” not really a “talk,” so I hope that if you’re Princeton-based you’ll come by on Feb. 26 and join the conversation!

On Reading Habits and the Information Superhighway

I once again fail at refraining from joining in the clusterfuck that is the left-wing DC-based blogosphere, because both Yglesias and Ta-Nehisi Coates responded to a third blog post, which fears that Twitter will bring about the demise of American literary culture, by discussing their own reading habits. And I, Millenial Twitterer Facebooker college student—a representative of an age group allegedly more networked and less able to stay focused on a whole novel than the age groups from which Yglesias and Coates hail—felt obliged to weigh in on my own reading habits as well.

Now, my perspective does come with some bias: over the weekend, I pressed the fatal command-Q on my Twitter client, aware that the little blue-glowing notification icon in the upper-right corner of my screen was distracting me from writing grant applications. It’s a terrible thing when you can’t get through a sentence because you feel like an icon is forcing you to switch windows and attend to some all-important piece of information that probably isn’t really that important after all, and is certainly no more important than applying for summer funding. If anything, this is the problem with the social-networking information superhighway: not that it is a non-literary or non-literate form of communicating, but that it creates for the user an obligation to make that icon stop glowing blue, or to keep the number of unread items in Google Reader down to zero. (Yes, I definitely did just look at my Google Reader tab, note that the tab read “Google Reader (8),” and clicked over to start reading the 8 unread items before I realized the irony of the situation.) These unread counts, and the immediacy they demand, are, I think, a problem—because they distract us from other things that surely deserve just as much of our time and attention. I feel as if I must read my new tweets because if I wait ten minutes to send my friend an @-reply, it will be too late—but then what does that do to the intellectual resources I’m devoting to understanding some aspect of my schoolwork?

It’s not as if I don’t read a lot: I am, after all, an undergrad history major with a more-than-passing interest in English literature. I read. A lot. Hundreds of pages a week, in fact, and I did that before I quit Twitter and I do it now, because I have to. I won’t do as well in my classes if I don’t read, and I won’t be as educated a person if I don’t read. Being well-read is in fact so vitally important to my sense of self-respect that reading is one of the most important things that I do. And while I must make time in my day for Google Reader, I must also make time in my day for Wilde and Marx and Milton. It’s a moral necessity, and in the long view a far more pressing one than whether I’ve read everything that the left-wing blogosphere has to say about the latest development in the 24-hour news cycle. In as much as I am a representative of my generation, fully wedded to the wonder that is the Internet, I couldn’t exist without the Western literary canon (though that is not to diminish the value of the non-Western canon) either.

Furthermore, I’ll go so far as to say that the problem with Luddite and anti-Luddite screeds is that they set up a binary prizing an increasingly minority print culture on the one hand versus a dynamic digital information culture on the other—but the two can, of course, coexist. Perhaps reading on your Kindle saves paper (I know I’ve stopped printing out my pdf readings as a way to be more environmentally friendly); perhaps you read and write blogs and Twitter feeds about literary culture. And perhaps you can learn to negotiate which aspects of the Internet will help you, and which won’t. Perhaps you just need to learn when to turn off the constant presence of the Twitter feed.

I think we should all read more. I think we should all be better humanists. I think we should all resist the increasing trend towards specialization that pervades both the academy and the real world. But that in the end has little to do with Twitter, and much more to do with how we use media like it. It has little to do with the existence of technology, and more to do with whether and how we can negotiate how and why we use it. As long as we’re thoughtful about it, and don’t let it eclipse entirely the necessities of cultural literacy and literary self-education, its role in our lives—whatever our age group—is an essentially unalarming one.

QOTD (2010-02-06)

Auden, “O Where Are You Going?”:

“O where are you going?” said reader to rider,
“That valley is fatal where furnaces burn,
Yonder’s the midden whose odours will madden,
That gap is the grave where the tall return.”

“O do you imagine,” said fearer to farer,
“That dusk will delay on your path to the pass,
Your diligent looking discover the lacking,
Your footsteps feel from granite to grass?”

“O what was that bird,” said horror to hearer,
“Did you see that shape in the twisted trees?
Behind you swiftly the figure comes softly,
The spot on your skin is a shocking disease.”

“Out of this house”—said rider to reader,
“Yours never will”—said farer to fearer
“They’re looking for you”—said hearer to horror,
As he left them there, as he left them there.

In utterly unrelated news, I’ve had the best birthday one could wish for.

Captive on the Carousel of Time; or, The Best Two-Decade Post I Can Muster on Too-Little Sleep

And the seasons they go round and round
And the painted ponies go up and down
We’re captive on the carousel of time
We can’t return, we can only look
Behind from where we came
And go round and round and round in the circle game
—Joni Mitchell, “The Circle Game”

I spent the formative years of my life in Montessori school, a cultural institution very much full of its own peculiar traditions. One of these was a birthday ceremony which entailed lighting a candle in the middle of the circletime circle (circletime being an integral part of the Montessori day), giving the birthday child a globe to hold, and having her walk around the candle—which symbolized the Sun—the number of times that corresponded to her new age. Usually, the child’s parents or older siblings would come to school that day, and share photographs and memories for each revolution/year.

Now, twenty years is a lot more than four, and I’m an exhausted 20-year-old who’s short on time. But it’s strange, so very strange, to think of having lived two decades. I’ve lived through four presidents, in four states and two countries. My living memory includes wars and impeachment trials, my parents’ academic careers, and now—as I sat today at lunch with a professor of mine and dimly contemplated the job market—the beginnings of my own. I’ve gone from stopping the battle to inventing a religion to taking on the bureaucracy of my high school. I’ve gone from plaid skirts to an authentic kilt, from a Thomas Jefferson costume to ’90s-style grunge, from sweatshirts to sweaters, and now back in circles—last night, after five years, I wore my Thomas Jefferson costume again. I’ve run the gamut from individuality for individuality’s sake through to assimilation for assimilation’s sake, and now rest somewhere in-between. I’ve marched for more causes than I can count. I’ve been an idealist. A cynic. A pragmatist. I am trying to become a scholar.

I am thankful to no longer be a teenager. There seems so little way to avoid one’s teenage years being sheer hell, and it is only with a sigh of relief that I feel as if I can technically close that chapter of my life. But I have in the process felt an intense longing for the naïveté of childhood, when the problems were easier. A five-year-old kid could stop a battle. Conflict mediation at recess resolved a dispute. An impeachment trial or a war in Kosovo was surreal. No one expected you to find Kosovo, or even Washington, DC, on a map. But now I am an adult, and there is no excuse for not confronting real problems, head-on. When you’re not in Montessori school, it takes so many more people to bring an end to injustice, and yet we have to keep trying, and keep being willing to try. We have to keep prizing reason, and we have to keep seeking beauty—and first, we have to learn what we mean by reason and by beauty. We have to read, to read so much—more than we ever thought possible when finishing a Redwall book was the accomplishment of the month.

I cry when I think that the wonder and magic of childhood is something that I’ll never be able to reclaim. But then again, there is simply too much to be done. Today I’ll light a candle in my room, I’ll walk round it twenty times, and then I’ll get on with teaching and learning, with nurturing seeds of right and calling out clouds of wrong. In the last twenty years, I solved so many child-problems, even without trying—I just stood up for what I thought was right. If I can solve even one adult-problem in the next twenty, well: maybe then I’ll stop mourning innocence lost.

Maybe.

Being a Dispatch from Your Friendly Neighborhood LGBT Task Force

With the help of other members of the Princeton LGBT Task Force (a faculty-staff-student committee which addresses LGBT policy on campus), I wrote an op-ed that appears in today’s Daily Princetonian. It argues that we don’t need marriage equality to lessen homophobia and transphobia here in our own community:

You may wonder why members of the Princeton community have to worry. Don’t lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people on campus have community resources, such as an LGBT Center? Aren’t many students, faculty and staff out of the closet? Yes — but to mistake this for evidence of a safe, fulfilling and welcoming environment is to mistake tolerance for acceptance. Those of us who are LGBT at Princeton have the benefit of some institutional support; threats of physical violence against our community are no longer the predictable routine they were 30 years ago. But Princeton is far from an accepting climate in which to be queer, and many members of the University community remain closeted. Marriage would help matters. It would give same-sex relationships the legal and symbolic status of opposite-sex ones, and, practically speaking, it would make less complicated the lives of Princeton employees who live in New York, which recognizes same-sex marriages (but not civil unions). With that option now off the table, however, it’s time for us at Princeton to look inward. There’s much that we can do in our own community to change policies and attitudes, make it easier for students, faculty and staff to come out of the closet and move from relative tolerance to full acceptance of LGBT members of our community.

Go and read the whole thing, please, and for once I’m not just saying that because I wrote it. I don’t know what they did with my bio—did they confuse me with the editors of Equal Writes?—but that doesn’t diminish the value of the column.

QOTD (2010-02-01)

Locke, Some Thoughts Concerning Education, section 149:

Thus Children may be cozen’d into a Knowledge of the Letters; be taught to read, without perceiving it to be any thing but a Sport, and play themselves into that which others are whipp’d for. Children should not have any thing like Work, or serious, laid on them; neither their Minds, nor Bodies will bear it. It injures their Healths; and their being forced and tied down to their Books in an Age at enmity with all such Restraint, has, I doubt not, been the Reason, why a great many have hated Books and Learning all their Lives after. ‘Tis like a Surfeit, that leaves an Aversion behind not to be removed.

I can only think that if more of my teachers post-Montessori School had embraced this 18th-century philosophy, I (and my peers) would have been a lot less miserable for much of our childhoods.

In Which the NYT Makes a Hell of a Lot of Sense

The Times had an article today on same-sex couples who have open marriages (i.e. are married, civil-unioned, or otherwise committed partners, but have an agreement about dating and/or having sex with people other than the spouse/partner). Completely blowing my mind about what the NYT will cover sanely, I think this article brings to light a point I’ve been trying to negotiate for several months now: namely, the short-term need of same-sex couples to secure partner benefits in what often wind up being life-and-death situations, but with the long-term (and admittedly more radical) question of whether our society needs to be built on monogamous two-person unions hovering in the background. Nut graf:

None of this is news in the gay community, but few will speak publicly about it. Of the dozen people in open relationships contacted for this column, no one would agree to use his or her full name, citing privacy concerns. They also worried that discussing the subject could undermine the legal fight for same-sex marriage.

Right, right, right. Those of us who take a historical approach are aware there was a time when same-sex marriage was a laughable political goal—that just wasn’t the cultural standard by which the gay community (yes, particularly the gay male community) negotiated its sexual and romantic relationships. Of course, there have been groups calling for same-sex marriage since the 1950s, but the movement didn’t become mainstream until the Clinton era and the DOMA fracas and the tidal wave that Goodridge v. Department of Public Health in Massachusetts unleashed. And now, look at how quickly things have changed: I’m as skeptical about marriage as the next professional gay, and yet when it comes down to it, I’ll report on marriage for my job and attend (and plan!) marriage-equality rallies and work on marriage-equality political campaigns. I’ll get into marriage tug-of-wars just like anyone else does. And I’ll admit that I felt a frisson of nervousness reading this headline and then the article, wondering whether it will be used as ammunition to prove that LGBT people are less capable of family values than our straight allies—similar to the so-called evidence of poor “lifestyle choices” used to damn queer people at the onset of the AIDS crisis.

But thank you, NYT, for reminding us that marriage doesn’t just mean replacing “one man, one woman” with “two people,” and that there are so many more ways to have stable committed relationships. I would have liked this article to acknowledge that straight people, too, can have open relationships, and that there isn’t this dichotomy between traditional relationship choices on the part of straight people and exotic ones on the part of queer people. But hey: the more matter-of-fact dealings we can have with non-monogamous relationship patterns, the better off I think we’ll all be.